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historic meaning in bengali

This era saw the development of Bengali language, script, literature, music, art and architecture. An interesting theory of the origin of the name is provided by Abu'l-Fazl in his Ain-i-Akbari. However, Mahipala rejuvenated the reign of the Palas. The Palas were responsible for the introduction of Mahayana Buddhism in Tibet, Bhutan and Burma. The Islamic conquest of Bengal began with the capture of Gauda from the Sena dynasty in 1204. 237–240, World History in Context. Set), (written by 1300 scholars & 22 editors) The Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Pages: 4840, This page was last edited on 8 April 2021, at 21:23. The British government introduced the railway to Bengal in 1854. Which Preposition to use after Nouns in English Grammar. Muslim conquest of the Indian subcontinent, textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution, largest empires in subcontinental history, Eastern Bengal and Assam Legislative Council, http://www.gutenberg-e.org/yang/pdf/yang-chapter2.pdf, "Which India is claiming to have been colonised? Bengali slang words with meaning (Bengali slang dictionary) Download. After victory, the Delhi Sultanate maintained a strong vigil on Bengal. Many came as refugees due to the Mongol invasions and conquests. The Ganges and the Brahmaputra rivers act as a geographic marker of the region, but also connects the region to the broader Indian subcontinent. It was an exporter of silk and cotton textiles, steel, saltpetre, and agricultural and industrial produce. [73] The Marwari community continues to be influential in West Bengal's economic sectors. The plunder of Bengal directly contributed to the Industrial Revolution in Britain,[14][15][16][17] with the capital amassed from Bengal used to invest in British industries such as textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution and greatly increase British wealth, while at the same time leading to deindustrialisation of Bengal's traditional textile industry.[14][15][16]. Hindu principalities included the Koch Kingdom, Kingdom of Mallabhum, Kingdom of Bhurshut and Kingdom of Tripura; and the realm of powerful Hindu Rajas such as Pratapaditya and Raja Sitaram Ray. [28], The Iron Age saw the development of coinage, metal weapons, agriculture and irrigation. According to him, "[T]he original name of Bengal was Bung, and the suffix "al" came to be added to it from the fact that the ancient rajahs of this land raised mounds of earth 10 feet high and 20 in breadth in lowlands at the foot of the hills which were called "al". [26], Stone Age tools found in the region indicate human habitation for over 20,000 years. The O.E. The zamindars included Muslims and Hindus. The Pala period is regarded as one of Bengal's golden ages. It was introduced in the United States in 1833, Germany in 1835, Italy in 1839, France in 1844 and Spain in 1848. While Anangabhimadeva defeated the Palas successively and counquered southern Bengal, he had to face stiffer opposition in the south from the great Chola ruler, Kulothunga Chola I. Tags for the entry "interface" Bengal played a major role in the Indian independence movement (including the Pakistan movement), in which revolutionary groups such as Anushilan Samiti and Jugantar were dominant. Two universities were established in Bengal during British rule, including the University of Calcutta and the University of Dacca. The Palas also had extensive trade as well as influence in Southeast Asia. [43], Bengal was an important province of the Gupta Empire. The name Pala (Bengali: পাল) means protector and was used as an ending to the names of all Pala monarchs. Quotes. Under the Mughal Empire, Bengal was an affluent province with a Muslim majority and Hindu minority. Under Mauryan rule, the economic system benefited from the creation of a single efficient system of finance, administration, and security. Led by Bakhtiar Khilji, an army of several thousand horsemen from the Ghurids overwhelmed Bengali Hindu forces during a blitzkrieg campaign. Sufis played a role in the Islamic absorption of Bengal. During British rule, two devastating famines occurred costing millions of lives in 1770 and 1943. The Prime Minister of Bengal, supported by Hindu and Muslim politicians, proposed a United Bengal as a sovereign state. Ganesha installed his son Jadu to the throne but his son was influenced to convert to Islam[citation needed] by the court's Sufi clergy. Aadhila (अदीला) The name aadhila means Honesty, the one who is Scrupulous with … In 1666, the Mughal conquest of Chittagong resulted in the expulsion of Portuguese and Arakanese forces in the port city. Ashoka sponsored the spreading of Buddhist missionaries to various parts of Asia. [48] The last ruler of the Chandra Dynasty, Govindachandra, was defeated by the south Indian Emperor Rajendra Chola I of the maritime Chola dynasty in the 11th century. Historically the other attested gotra from archaeological sources are: the Lauhitya gotra (Faridpur copper plate, 517 C.E). The sultans advanced civic institutions and became more responsive and "native" in their outlook. The second Mughal emperor Humayun occupied the Bengali capital Gaur for six months. Learn more. Eventually Anangabhimadeva defeated Ramapala and united the regions of Trikalinga (Utkala, Koshala and Kalinga) into a major empire famous in history as the Eastern Ganga empire of Kalinga. The Gangaridai army was stated to have a war elephant cavalry of 6000 elephants. history 1390, "relation of incidents" (true or false), from O.Fr. Early Hindu numerals had only nine symbols, until 600 to 800 CE, when a symbol for zero was developed for the numeral system. It was either under Magadh or under Kalinga Rules except few years under Pals. The French built a garden in Tejgaon. [58] Following the collapse of the Bengal Sultanate in the Battle of Raj Mahal in 1576, the Bengal region was brought under Mughal control as the Bengal Subah. Meghna Guhathakurta & Willem van Schendel (Edited) (2013) The Bangladesh Reader: History, Culture, Politics (The World Readers), Duke University Press Books, Pages: 568. Embassies were sent to Ming China during the reign of Emperor Yongle. Man Singh I was the only Hindu subedar. ", "The Long Globalization and Textile Producers in India", Bengals plunder gifted the British Industrial Revolution, "Facts about the Ancient Greeks: who was Homer, which gods did the ancient Greeks believe in, what was life like in Ancient Greece? A majority of members in the Bengal Legislative Assembly voted to keep Bengal undivided. example: "lord of the rings" matches names from the novel 'The Lord of the Rings' this field understands simple boolean logic Related to Gk. China responded by sending envoys, including the Treasure voyages; and mediating in regional disputes. Bengal received many immigrants from West Asia, Central Asia, the Horn of Africa and North India during the sultanate and Mughal periods. The leader of the expedition was Maharaja Raghuji of Nagpur. The area around Fort William eventually grew into the city of Calcutta. He expanded the empire beyond Bengal into Bihar, Assam, Odisha and likely Varanasi. The dynasty was a promoter of Indo-Persian culture. He crushed the Varendra Rebellion and tried to extend his empire farther to Kamarupa, Odisha and northern India. Maharaja Rudranarayan consolidated the dynasty and expanded the kingdom and converted it into one of the most powerful Hindu kingdom of the time. Bengali ports were often free trade ports which welcomed ships from across the world. The British government argued that Bengal, being India's most populous province, was too large and difficult to govern. What is historic (1669) is noted or celebrated in history; what is historical (1561) deals with history. The pre-historic kingdom of Pragjyotiṣ, which extended from modern Jalpaiguri to the back-woods of Assam, was one of the earliest Aryan colonies in this country. History Of Bengali Language And Literature by Chandra Sen, Dinesh. Sirajul Islam (Chief Editor) (2003) Banglapedia: A National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh. [1] The region was known to the ancient Greeks and Romans as Gangaridai, a powerful kingdom whose elephant forces led the withdrawal of Alexander the Great from Eastern India. [56][57], The Adina Mosque was India's largest mosque. They brought about a revival of Hinduism and cultivated Sanskrit literature in eastern India. In 1877, when Victoria took the title of "Empress of India", the British declared Calcutta the capital of the British Raj. During the Second World War Netaji escaped to Germany from house arrest in India and there he founded the Indian Legion an army to fight against the British Government, but the turning of the war compelled him to come to South-East Asia and there he became the co-founder and leader of the Indian National Army (distinct from the army of British India) that challenged British forces in several parts of India. The English language began to be used for commerce and government in Bengal. [61] From Bengal, saltpetre was also shipped to Europe, opium was sold in Indonesia, raw silk was exported to Japan and the Netherlands, and cotton and silk textiles were exported to Europe, Indonesia and Japan. Eventually, the Mughals subdued the zamindar rebellion and brought all of Bengal under imperial control. except in natural history. There are also records of the sultans' relations with Egypt, Herat and some kingdoms in Africa. Importance of merchant and financial classes declined. In the 16th century, the Mughal emperor Humayun was forced to take shelter in Persia as the conqueror Sher Shah Suri rampaged through the subcontinent. The French also had a large presence in Dhaka, where a neighbourhood called Farashganj developed in the old city. The Nawab was assassinated in Murshidabad, and the British installed their own Nawab for Bengal and extended their direct control in the south. The promotion of Bengali literature under the dynasty led to Bengali replacing the strong influence of Sanskrit in the region. [2] Bengal, at times, has played an important role in the history of the Indian subcontinent. The Bengal Sultanate's territory reached its greatest extent under Alauddin Hussain Shah, founder of the Hussain Shahi dynasty. The Somapura Mahavihara built by Emperor Dharmapala is the greatest Buddhist monastery in the Indian subcontinent. The breakdown of Hindu-Muslim unity caused the All India Muslim League to demand the partition of India in line with the Lahore Resolution, which called for Bengal to be included in a Muslim-majority homeland. [12] Its wealth and economic developments are believed to have waved the period of proto-industrialization.[13]. Indrajit Ray estimates shipbuilding output of Bengal during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries at 223,250 tons annually, compared with 23,061 tons produced in thirteen colonies in North America from 1769 to 1771.[63]. The area's early history featured a succession of Indian empires, internal squabbling, and a tussle between Hinduism and Buddhism for dominance. In Bangladesh, a Nizari Ismaili community with diverse origins continues to play a significant role in economic sectors. He was also the head of state of a parallel regime named 'The Provisional Government of Free India' or Arzi Hukumat-e-Azad Hind, that was recognised and supported by the Axis powers. Bangladesh (officially called People's Republic of Bangladesh) is a country in South Asia.It is next to the North-east Indian provincial regions of India, which converges with Southeast Asia to the east. We've got history, too, or rather it was made before we came here. These kingdoms also helped introduce new music, painting, dancing and sculpture into Bengali art-forms as well as many temples were constructed during this period. The dynasty was founded by Alivardi Khan. The Danish also operated colonies on the Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal. The Mughal province of Bengal was termed Subah-i-Bangalah. What art history means in Bengali, art history meaning in Bengali, art history definition, explanation, pronunciations and examples of art history in Bengali. Download Full PDF Package. The Khadga dynasty was a Buddhist dynasty of eastern Bengal. Bengal was also the fostering ground for several prominent revolutionary organisations, the most notable of which was Anushilan Samiti. The Bengal Sultanate-Jaunpur Sultanate War ended after mediation from China and the Timurids. "And then my erstwhile associate Jimenez had a brainstorm," said Terry ruefully.. Bengal was used as a base for Allied Forces during World War II. READ PAPER. The Sultan of Bengal was styled as the Shah of Bangalah. He survived the invasions of Rajendra Chola I and the Chalukya dynasty. The Pala dynasty lasted for four centuries and ushered in a period of stability and prosperity in Bengal. It was the largest Bengali empire that was known to ancient and classical India. A Hindu scholar produced a Bengali translation of the Quran. My business is not the history of the peace, but the life of Prior. Iftekhar Iqbal (2010) The Bengal Delta: Ecology, State and Social Change, 1840–1943, Cambridge Imperial and Post-Colonial Studies, Palgrave Macmillan, Pages: 288. After India's independence in 1947, a referendum in Chandernagore gave a mandate to end colonial rule. One of the legacies of the dynasty is its gold coinage inscribed with the names of rulers such as Rajabhata. The area was a melting pot of the Bengali-Assamese languages. The French took the side of Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah during the Battle of Plassey in 1757. The company consolidated their hold on the region following the Battle of Plassey in 1757 and Battle of Buxar in 1764 and by 1793 took complete control of the region. ignore name meanings: the description is the meaning and history write-up for the name; separate search terms with spaces; search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes. Ilyas Shahi dynasty (1342–1414 and 1435–1487), "But the most important development of this period was that the country for the first time received a name, ie Bangalah. The advancement of civilisation in Bengal dates back four millennia. Prince Vijaya's ancestral home was Bengal. The following lectures on the History of the Bengali Language are intended to give a sketch, in broad outline, of the origins of that language and the various influences, linguistic, ethnic, social, that shaped and moulded its earlier history. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2006, pp. Under the Mughals, Bengal Subah generated almost 50% of the empire's gross domestic product (GDP) and 12% of the world's GDP. Hindu nationalists in Bengal were determined to make Hindu-majority districts a part of the Indian dominion. The Koch Bihar Kingdom in the northern Bengal, flourished during the period of 16th and the 17th centuries as well as weathered the Mughals and survived till the advent of the British. [76] The Maratha invasions of Bengal badly affected the economy of Bengal and it is estimated that 400,000 Bengali Muslims were butchered brutally by the Hindu Maratha bargis and many women and children gang raped.,[78] and the genocide has been considered to be among the deadliest massacres in Indian history.[79]. example: "lord of the rings" matches names from the novel 'The Lord of the Rings' this field understands simple boolean logic Of Fakhruddin Mubarak Shah for Bengal and the Hindu Mahasabha forced the British their. The leader of the Danish East India Company established its first settlements in Bengal to become clerics, missionaries lawyers... And economic developments are believed to have a War elephant cavalry of 6000 elephants art, trade commerce. An estimated 80,000 skilled textile weavers Islands in the region indicate human habitation for over years! The pioneering king of his subjects ruled parts of Bengal 's Muslim separatists for a name. 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