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pbs reconstruction: the second civil war

The portion of the first show I … About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How By 1865, some 180,000 blacks have served in the Union Army, over one-fifth of the adult male black population under 45. Created by. The Freedman's Bureau works to smooth the transition from slavery, providing former slaves with immediate shelter and medical services, help in negotiating labor contracts with landowners, and more. January 31: The Thirteenth Amendment, abolishing slavery throughout the Union, wins Congressional approval and is sent to the states for ratification. The Union Army is quickly demobilized. Mr. Tornado is the remarkable story of the man whose groundbreaking work in research and applied science saved thousands of lives and helped Americans prepare for and respond to dangerous weather phenomena. So much hope for justice and peace and the triumph of American Idealism, and such defeat, cruelty, injustice, and pain in the end! Of those, nearly half are murdered in cold blood after they surrender. More than sixty former Confederates arrive to take their seats in Congress, including four generals, four colonels and six Confederate cabinet officers -- even Alexander H. Stephens, the former vice president of the Confederacy. January 16: Marching the Union Army through the South with an ever-growing number of freed slaves in its wake, General William Tecumseh Sherman issues Special Field Order 15, setting aside part of coastal South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida by settlement exclusively by black people. Only twenty years old when the August/September: President Johnson shows growing leniency toward the white South: he orders the restoration of land to its former owners, including the land provided to freed slaves by General Sherman's January field order. Fall: Violence against blacks continues throughout the South; in October, Georgia legislator Abram Colby is kidnapped and whipped. February: President Johnson vetoes a supplemental Freedmen's Bureau Bill, which Republican moderates have designed to extend protection to Southern blacks. Clarence Walker: Before the Civil War, maybe no more than ten to 15 percent of the black population of the South was literate. Lincoln does not sign the Wade-Davis Bill; his pocket veto means the bill does not pass into law. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How March: The temporary Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands is established within the War Department. Outraged, Radical Republicans in Congress refuse to recognize new governments in Southern states. The rift between Congress and the president is complete. January 10: Grant proposes a treaty of annexation with Santo Domingo in an attempt to find land for freed slaves to settle. 1868 July 9: The Democrats nominate Horatio Seymour, former Governor of New York, for president, and Francis P. Blair, Jr., formerly one of Grant's commanders, for vice president. Neither North nor South was prepared to go that route, and so a hundred years of struggle for justice began. The Civil War ends when Confederate general Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union general Ulysses S. Grant. if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; The Democrats, on July 9, also nominate Greeley. It's almost unbearable to watch the quick dissolution of all the good hopes of the Abolitionists, of all the good intentions. A very interesting presentation on a very dark chapter in our nation's history. May 16: Having infuriated the Republicans, Andrew Johnson becomes the first president to be impeached by a house of Congress, but he avoids conviction and retains his office by a single vote. Please try again. September 18: The panic of 1873 begins with the failure of a Wall Street banking firm, spreads to the stock exchange, and eventually leads to widespread unemployment. American Experience - Reconstruction: The Second Civil War by PBS. All Have Suffered. 1866 March 4: Following a bitterly disputed presidential contest between Republican Rutherford B. Hayes and Democrat Samuel Tilden, in which both candidates claim victory, Hayes is declared president. When crowds heckle the president, Johnson's angry and undignified responses cause Grant -- and many Northerners -- to lose sympathy with the president and his lenient Reconstruction policies. The Freedmen's Bureau tallies nearly 3,000 schools, serving over 150,000 students, in the South. The rebuilding of the South after the Civil War. In a back-room political deal, the Republicans agree to abandon Reconstruction policies in exchange for the presidency. Part One. Historians describe the debate over extending civil rights to … 1869 No friend to the South's large landowners, Johnson declares that they and the Confederate leadership will be required to petition him individually for pardons. The president starts aligning himself with the Southern elite, declaring, "white men alone must manage the South.". For instance, while the Northern states were insisting on full voting rights for African-Americans in the South, only a few of them allowed blacks in their states the same privileges. It did not cover the lives of notable Southerners, like General Lee, during Reconstruction nor did it cover much if anything about the impeachment of Andrew Johnson and the fractious state of politics in Washington. February 3: The 15th Amendment is ratified. Lincoln's lenient 10 percent policy upsets Radical Republicans, who expect the South to do more to gain readmission, and believe Lincoln's approach does not provide enough protection to ex-slaves. fbq('init', '271837786641409'); Northern troops weren't withdrawn until 1877 and white southerners' reaction to treatment by the victorious North was most notable after 1872. Historians review some myths and misconceptions about the Reconstruction era. May 22: Grant signs an amnesty bill he had advocated. This film is about a Great Betrayal and the enormous failure of good will and justice. Black Citizens set about building their own farms and being part of American society, gathering family members together and struggling for the education that they had been denied. This documentary deals with one of the most critical times in U.S. history, Reconstruction. It passes both houses of Congress by overwhelming majorities, and when President Johnson vetoes it, Congress overrides the veto, making the bill the first major piece of legislation enacted over a presidential veto. Reviewed in the United States on August 22, 2020. Terms in this set (20) Reconstruction. The amendment defines citizenship to include all people born or naturalized in the U.S. and increases the federal government's power over the states to protect all Americans' rights. America was grappling with rebuilding itself, with bringing the South back into the Union, and with how best to offer citizenship to former slaves. April: In its 5-3 Texas v. White decision, the U.S. Supreme Court declares Radical Reconstruction constitutional, stating that secession from the Union is illegal. You think you know about the Civil War...not until you watch this documentary. March 2: The new session of Congress begins to pass additional reconstruction laws, overriding President Johnson's vetoes and beginning a more hard-line attitude toward the South. It is naturally hard to watch and hard to bear, but is an excellent piece of work and important.. Reconstruction of the South, 1857. In New Orleans, near where I live, there was a recent interest in removing or at least downgrading the monuments and street names based on Confederate leaders such as Robert E. Lee. Johnson's opponents are victorious, and the Republicans occupy enough seats to guarantee they will be able to override any presidential vetoes in the coming legislative session. Union troops are further demobilized; only 38,000 remain in the South by the fall. 1875 June 25: Louisiana, Florida, North Carolina and South Carolina are readmitted to the Union. Financiers Jay Gould and Jim Fisk attempt to corner the available gold supply, and try unsuccessfully to involve President Grant in the illegal plan. Write. PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. "American Experience: Reconstruction: The Second Civil War." } The president's plan is implemented during the summer. It stops short of guaranteeing blacks the right to vote. The laws impose restrictions on black citizens, especially in attempts to conrol labor: freedmen are prohibited from work except as field hands, blacks refusing to sign labor contracts can be punished, unemployed black men can be seized and auctioned to planters as laborers, black children can be taken from their families and made to work. The South codifies and enforces segregation. ' If you are interested in the stories of monuments to Civil War generals and soldiers, this film will clarify the issues. It calls for general amnesty and restoration of property -- except for slaves -- to all Southerners who will swear loyalty to the Union. New York newspaperman Horace Greeley receives their nomination. November 3: Grant is elected president, winning an electoral college majority of 214-80 over his Democratic opponent. The controversial amendment will take over two years to be ratified. Historians describe the violent conditions that prevailed in the South. It covers the period of US history from the end of the Civil War up until approximately the 1880's, when the Northern-supported Republican state governments in the former Confederate states were gradually replaced with white Democratic governments. June 22: Arkansas is readmitted to the Union. It ups the allegiance requirement from 10% to a majority of a state's voters, limits many former Confederates from political participation in state reconstruction, demands blacks receive not only their freedom but equality before the law, and imposes a series of other requirements on the states. The bureau is initially authorized for just one year, but will remain in operation until 1868. Reconstruction The Second Civil War. October: Congress hears testimony from victims of Klan violence. July 31: President Andrew Johnson tells Ulysses S. Grant that he intends to fire Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, who has been a consistent opponent of the president and is close to the Radical Republicans who dominate Congress. July 15: Georgia is the last former Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union. It offers pardon and restoration of property -- except slaves -- to Confederates who swear allegiance to the Union and agree to accept emancipation. Fall: Following the president's ruinous campaign, the mid-term elections become a battleground over the Fourteenth Amendment and civil rights. He asks popular Union general Ulysses S. Grant to come along. The worst parts of the Reconstruction in the south were AFTER that. Tease. Under Grant's plan, freed slaves will be able to relocate to the Caribbean island (the Dominican Republic today). DuBois. Henry Louis Gates Jr.'s documentary series, Reconstruction: America After the Civil War, explores the transformative years following the American Civil War, when the nation struggled to rebuild itself in the face of profound loss, massive destruction, and revolutionary social change. www.shoppbs.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/activism/ps_1866.html Match. Flashcards. It writes the Republican vision of how post-Civil War American society should be structured into the U.S. Constitution, out of the reach of partisan politics. Freedmen are especially reluctant to leave the land they have started farming in South Carolina and Georgia. November-December: At the request of President Johnson, victorious Union general Ulysses S. Grant tours the South, and is greeted with surprising friendliness. March 30: Texas is readmitted to the Union. https://www.pbs.org/show/reconstruction-america-after-civil-war Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. /* fbq('track', 'PageView'); */ STUDY. 1870 n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; Reconstruction after the Civil War lays the groundwork for the civil-rights movement of the 1950s and '60s. Johnson believes the Tenure of Office Act is unconstitutional, and hopes to defeat the effort to force Stanton upon him by employing the popular Grant. From a troop strength of one million on May 1, only 152,000 Union soldiers remain in the South by the end of 1865. It's a painful piece of history, but a very important part to know. August 28: "The swing around the circle." Interesting and surprisingly even-handed presentation on this dark chapter in American history. Directed by Elizabeth Deane, Patricia Garcia Rios. Spanning the years from 1863 to 1877, this dramatic mini-series recounts the tumultuous post-Civil War years. Reviewed in the United States on March 3, 2017. July: Congress re-passes its supplemental Freedmen's Bureau Bill. July: In response to Lincoln's plan, Congress passes its own, the Wade-Davis Bill. By the end of February, 18 states will ratify the amendment; after significant delay in the South, ratification will be completed by December. Reconstruction policies officially end. Reconstruction: The Second Civil War, Part 1 - Revolution TV-PG | 1h 30min | Documentary , Biography , History | Episode aired 12 January 2004 Season 16 | Episode 2 It also analyzes reviews to verify trustworthiness. PBS continues to feature American History well. It was effective also in presenting the impacts of Reconstruction on the lives of ordinary people, by profiling several of them (both black and white). Spell. May 21: The Republican National Convention at Chicago nominates Grant for president and Schuyler Colfax of Indiana for vice president; Grant adopts the conciliatory slogan, "Let us have peace.". Although the final legislation is less generous than Grant had wanted, now only a few hundred former Confederates are excluded from political privileges. // cutting the mustard What happened next in the South remains largely unknown to most Americans. Newly enfranchised black men in the South cast 700,000 votes for the Republican ticket. Winter: Articles begin to appear in the New York Tribune, accusing black lawmakers in South Carolina of corruption. February 23: Mississippi is readmitted to the Union. Violations of black civil rights will not command national attention again until after World War II. November 5: Grant is reelected with an electoral college majority of 286-66, and a popular majority of 763,000. A riveting account of the event that helped give rise to the modern American militia movement. 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); The White League, a paramilitary group intent on securing white rule in Louisiana, clashes with Louisiana's almost all-black state militia. Reconstruction: America After the Civil War DVD | Shop.PBS.org January 14: Grant resigns his position as interim Secretary of War after Congress insists upon Stanton's reinstatement. July 30: Riots break out in New Orleans, Louisiana: a white mob attacks blacks and Radical Republicans attending a black suffrage convention, killing 40 people. 1873 Southern towns and cities start to experience a large influx of freedmen. n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)}; The black legislators appeal to President Grant to intervene to get them readmitted, which takes a year. December: President Johnson declares the reconstruction process complete. Stories of key political players in Washington are interwoven with those of ordinary people caught up in the turbulent social and political struggles of … Gravity. Known as Radical Reconstruction, the new policies divide the South into military districts and require the states to adopt new constitutions, introduce black suffrage, and ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. The Civil War which ended in 1865, demolished slavery and emancipated four million human beings. February 26: Congress passes the Fifteenth Amendment, which attempts to address Southern poll violence by stating that the right to vote can not be denied on the basis of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." April 13: The Colfax Massacre. His report recommends a lenient Reconstruction policy. if ( 'querySelector' in document && 'addEventListener' in window ) { The law will stand only until 1883, when the U.S. Supreme Court will strike it down. Test. 1872 s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,'script', January 1: President Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring that the majority of the nation's slave population "henceforth shall be free.". Historians describe the debate over extending civil rights to former slaves that divided the country after the Civil War. The city found that they would have to keep the identities of companies that were bidding to do the work secret, because some of them were receiving death threats! U.S. Grant tried to keep the peace and support justice for Black Americans, but he realized that the country was not with him, and that the only way to assure civil rights for Black Americans was to keep an army of occupation in the South. June 13: Congress sends the Fourteenth Amendment to the states. Reviewed in the United States on February 13, 2019, I've always loved the American Experience on PBS and this is yet another great documentary by them in fact they can't seem to make a bad one I loved it, Reviewed in the United States on September 29, 2017. It is sent to the states for ratification. Stanton has refused to resign and Congress has supported him through the Tenure of Office Act, which requires the consent of Congress to removals. Full content visible, double tap to read brief content. The promise Radical Republicans made through the 13th14th and 15th Amendments were forsaken through southern Jim Crowe and northern moving on after the Civil War, leaving newly emancipated African American become a caste of the forgotten...that horrible paradigm of realism may still destroy Americans democracy. Great Documentary on Post-Civil-War-Reconstruction, Reviewed in the United States on January 20, 2018. Kate Stone grew up on a large cotton plantation, Brokenburn, in northeastern Louisiana. But all of their works and efforts were thwarted by corrupt politicians and former Confederates who had not really stopped fighting the Civil War. Ten Percent Plan. Grant cracks down on anti-black violence in South Carolina. Reconstruction was a hard and sorrowful piece of history. andersonchambers. Take notes! This film was a major disappointment. The Show Reconstruction shows why black people's hope for freedom after the Civil War were dashed and continued to suffer from oppression for more than a century. {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? Then, look up more details about the post-Civil War Reconstruction. document.documentElement.className += 'js'; Top subscription boxes – right to your door, © 1996-2021, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. Burns ended the film with the 1870 election of the first Blacks to the US Congress. This is very well done, though it probably needs some additional context for viewers to get the most out of it. The Show Reconstruction shows why black people's hope for freedom after the Civil War were dashed and continued to suffer from oppression for more than a century. 1871 N.p., 19 Dec. 2003. April: In Lincoln's last speech, he mentions black suffrage for soldiers and some others. Fall: Southern states elect former Confederates to public office at the state and national levels, drag their feet in ratifying the Thirteenth Amendment, and refuse to extend the vote to black men. Please try again. After I viewed this film I looked for a second disc which might finish the story, but found that Burns' "reconstruction" ended in 1870. August 11: Johnson orders Grant to take over the War Department temporarily. July 14: Alabama is readmitted to the Union. April: Another piece of moderate Republican legislation, the Civil Rights Bill, grants citizenship and the same rights enjoyed by white citizens to all male persons in the United States "without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude." So, Reviewed in the United States on October 16, 2020. June 5: The Republican Convention meets at Philadelphia. Ultimately, two congressmen will be censured for their part in the swindle and many other politicians will be damaged in reputation. !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) Over the next five years, the black populations of the South's ten largest cities will double. Known as the 10 Percent Plan, it requires only 10% of a former Confederate state's voters to pledge the oath before the state can begin the process of readmission into the Union. And so many of the people dispatched by Northern churches, be they black or white, go into the South with the stated purpose of establishing schools for the freedmen and the freedmen's children. Get the latest on new films and digital content, learn about events in your area, and get your weekly fix of American history. It will renominate Grant on the first ballot. September: Black elected officials are ousted from the Georgia state legislature; "The Negro is unfit to rule the State," the Atlanta Constitution declares. Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video! Reconstruction: The Second Civil War (PBS) minorholley1924; 6 videos; 13,151 views; Last updated on Sep 8, 2017; Play all Share. Winter: Black and white lawmakers begin to work side by side in the Southern states' constitutional conventions, the first political meetings in American history to include substantial numbers of black men. a jubilant crowd packed the White House lawn to hear President Abraham Lincoln first speech Unable to add item to List. fbq('track', 'ViewContent'); Using U.S. census data, examine regional changes in industry and agriculture from 1860 to 1870. February 18: General Sherman's troops enter Charleston, South Carolina. 1867 Sign up for the American Experience newsletter! 1865 Reconstruction may be one of the most misunderstood eras in American history. May 1: Meeting of the Liberal Republican Convention at Cincinnati. Learn. debate over extending civil rights to former slaves that divided the country after This Reconstruction strategy also requires states to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment, ending slavery. Happening with the end of the Civil War in 1865 and lasting to 1877 it was where the … With Dion Graham. Reviewed in the United States on May 4, 2018. Reviewed in the United States on September 12, 2019, Old statues, injustice, and the on-going struggle. The Carpetbagger government continued well into the 1870s. July: In New York City, opposition to the nation's first military draft triggers a riot, the largest in American history, as poor white Northerners protest being forced to fight to end slavery. The settlers are to receive "possessory title" to forty-acre plots. July 24: Tennessee is the first former Confederate state readmitted to the Union. Unfortunately, some of the emotions that were stirred up during this period still persist. "Reconstruction: The Second Civil War: Retreat" Episode #1603. It did not cover very much of the Reconstruction period, including the people who were brought in to govern the regions. December 8: President Lincoln announces the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction. President Johnson believes that Grant has betrayed him; Grant now openly breaks with Johnson. t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; I used this for a class, to supplement readings from Eric Foner and W.E.B. With Congress demanding that Southern states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment in order to gain re-admittance to the legislature, President Johnson begins a disastrous speaking tour of the North to bolster support for his policies in the mid-term elections. He will not get the Democratic nomination in the upcoming presidential election. The new laws amount to slavery without the chain. After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. 1877 In the aftermath, 48 people, nearly all black, are dead, and hundreds of black homes, churches, and schools have been pillaged or burned. May 1: Racial violence rages in Memphis, Tennessee for three days as whites assault blacks on the streets. Six days later, President Lincoln is assassinated, and his vice president, Southern Democrat Andrew Johnson, becomes president. googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; 1863 (Enter your ZIP code for information on American Experience events and screening in your area.). This film was quite disappointing as it seemed to reflect only the effects on African Americans. Greeley's earlier radicalism, high tariff views, and well-known eccentricity repel many who oppose Grant. Reconstruction: The Second Civil War. Mine doesn't end there. Over four days, the insurrection develops into wholesale violence, with an uncounted number of victims. Q&A: The Myths of Reconstruction. Web. It is surprisingly even-handed in its treatment of the hypocrisy that existed on both sides. It is likely that you will learn things you didn't know before. A Few Comments on the recent PBS Series: Reconstruction: America After the Civil War by Gary Olson The Civil War which ended in 1865, demolished slavery … January 26: Virginia is readmitted to the Union. var googletag = googletag || {}; PLAY. 1864 Early 1864: President Lincoln begins Reconstruction in the Union-occupied former Confederate state of Louisiana. Brief content visible, double tap to read full content. In a recent poll of high school graduates, only 20 percent had even heard of Reconstruction, in part because history classes about this period invariably end with the […] At the same time, Congress has weakened the president's control of the army through the Command of the Army Act, which requires that all military orders of the President have the approval of the general of the army (Grant). There was an error retrieving your Wish Lists. 1874 Your recently viewed items and featured recommendations, Select the department you want to search in. To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don’t use a simple average. September 24:  Black Friday on the New York gold exchange. The treaty is opposed by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, headed by Charles Sumner, and will never be confirmed. July 28: The Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, defining citizenship to include all people born or naturalized in the U.S., is finally ratified. NARRATOR: April 11th, 1865, two days after the end of the Civil War. But the popular majority is only 306,000 in a total vote of 5,715,000. History has nearly forgotten the tragedy of Reconstruction. Explore the life and times of L. Frank Baum, creator of the beloved The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. President Johnson vetoes it again, and Congress again overrides the veto, making the bill a law. "We have lost all hope of escaping the vengeance of the Northern people," one state senator writes, "and are preparing for the worst.". Library of Congress. The resulting death toll is staggering: only three members of the White League die, but some one hundred black men are killed. Some of my Tennessee forebears had to beat a hasty retreat to Texas for several years because of their "politically incorrect" activity but when the carpetbaggers were gone, they came home and one was elected sheriff soon thereafter. I can definitely recommend this to anyone with an interest in American history. 1:18:43. Reconstruction: America After the Civil War DVD, Eyes on The Prize: America's Civil Rights Years 1954-1965. Remain in operation until 1868 vote of 5,715,000 a hard and sorrowful piece of history, Reconstruction content visible double... Republicans unhappy about vindictive Reconstruction policies in exchange for the civil-rights movement of the first former Confederate state be! Overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we don ’ t use a average... Appeal to president Grant to intervene to get the Democratic nomination in the United on... Very important part to know unknown to most Americans dissolution of all the good hopes the..., we don ’ t use a simple average to pbs reconstruction: the second civil war general S.. Visible, double tap to read brief content also requires States to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment, ending slavery are. Take over the next five years, the mid-term elections become a over! In South Carolina are readmitted to the modern American militia movement will able! Roll call, and will never be confirmed Grant has betrayed him ; now... Wizard of Oz again overrides the veto, making the Bill does sign... Announces his plan of Presidential Reconstruction Elizabeth Deane, Patricia Garcia Rios a law our nation history. Post-Civil-War-Reconstruction, reviewed in the Union who oppose Grant to come along breakdown., some of the South were after that lawmakers in South Carolina and.... 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