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stars and bars flag

A colonel named James B. Walton submitted a battle flag design essentially identical to Miles' except with an upright Saint George's cross, but Beauregard chose the diagonal cross design.[38]. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Stars-and-Bars. The "Stars and Bars" flag was adopted March 4, 1861, in the first temporary national capital of Montgomery, Alabama, and raised over the dome of that first Confederate capitol. Military officers also voiced complaints about the flag being too white, for various reasons, such as the danger of being mistaken for a flag of truce, especially on naval ships, and that it was too easily soiled. Hundreds of proposed national flag designs were submitted to the Confederate Congress during competitions to find a First National flag (February-May, 1861) and Second National flag (April, 1862; April, 1863). [18] He turned to his aide, who happened to be William Porcher Miles, the former chairman of the Confederate Congress's Committee on the Flag and Seal. [45], The "Bonnie Blue Flag"—an unofficial flag in 1861, The "Van Dorn battle flag" used in the Western theaters of operation, Flag of the Army of Northern Virginia or "Robert E. Lee Headquarters Flag", 7-star First national flag of the Confederate States Marine Corps, Flag of the First Corps, Army of Tennessee, Flag of the 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles, under General Stand Watie, Flag of the 1st Choctaw War Regiment, under Lieutenant Colonel Faunceway Baptiste, The first battle flag of the Perote Guards (Company D, 1st Regiment Alabama Infantry). Confederate National flag of Fort McAllister, Confederate National Flag captured from Fort Jackson, Battle flag of the 11th Mississippi Infantry Regiment used at Antietam, Surrender flag of Army of Northern Virginia, National flag representing the Confederate States of America, This article is about historical uses of flags associated with the defunct Confederate States of America. A rejected national flag design was also used as a battle flag by the Confederate army and featured in the "Stainless Banner" and "Blood-Stained Banner" designs. The thirteen stars stand for the thirteen states that were part of the Confederacy. Many of the proposed designs paid homage to the Stars and Stripes, due to a nostalgia many of the new Confederate citizens felt towards the Union in early 1861, some of the homages were outright mimicry, whilst others were less obviously inspired by the Stars and Stripes, yet were still intended to pay homage to that flag. "[1][5] Confederate Congressman Peter W. Gray proposed the amendment that gave the flag its white field. The flag was first raised in 1810 over the fort of Baton Rouge, Louisiana, by a band of Florida troops, the Bonnie Blue served as the symbol of southern independence, and as the official flag of the Confederacy, until it was replaced by the Stars and Bars in 1861. He did not share in the nostalgia for the Union that many of his fellows Southerners felt, and believed that the flag of the South should be completely different to that of the North. It was carried by Confederate troops throughout the war. "Stonewall" Jackson as it lay in state in the Virginia capitol, May 12, 1863. Two other finalist designs were inspected by the Congress on the 4th of May, one was a "Blue ring or circle on a field of red", whilst the other consisted of alternating red and blue stripes with a blue canton containing stars, these two designs were sadly lost, and we only know of them thanks to an 1872 letter sent by William Porcher Miles to P. G. T. Beauregard. After the battle, General P. G. T. Beauregard wrote that he was "resolved then to have [our flag] changed if possible, or to adopt for my command a 'Battle flag', which would be Entirely different from any State or Federal flag". [29] Gray stated that the white field represented "purity, truth and freedom. One such 12-star flag resides in the collection of Richmond's Museum of the Confederacy and the other is in the Confederate Memorial Hall Museum in New Orleans. At the First Battle of Manassas, near Manassas, Virginia, the similarity between the "Stars and Bars" and the "Stars and Stripes" caused confusion and military problems. It was sometimes called "Beauregard's flag" or "the Virginia battle flag". To this end, he designed his own proposed design which featured a blue Saltier (Miles had originally planned to use a blue St. George's Cross like that of the South Carolina Sovereignty Flag he would have been familiar with, but was dissuaded from doing so) with white Fimbriation and on a field of red, within the Saltier were 7 stars, representing the then 7 states of the Confederacy, two on each of the left arms, one of each of the right arms, and one in the middle. "Every body wants a new Confederate flag," Bagby wrote. As the Confederacy grew, so did the numbers of white stars seen on the ensign's dark blue canton: …

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