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The High Seas Fleet, commanded at the start of the war by Admiral Friedrich von Ingenohl, was too inferior in size to challenge the British to a battle. ( Log Out /  Commanders at the British naval base at the North Sea port of Harwich planned an operation off the German coast at Heligoland. The Germans for their part realised the futility of trying to match the British ship for ship. At the start of the war, the British and French navies successfully fulfilled their first essential task - to protect the transportation of troops to the European battlefield across the English Channel from Britain and across the Mediterranean from North Africa. Attacking in patchy fog, they achieved complete surprise and despite poor visibility, sheer weight of numbers won out and the Germans took heavy losses. Strategy of Command. Conflict Zones. On the western front, the Germans had overrun Belgium, and in the east, they had turned inflicted such a defeat at the battle of Tannenberg that the Russian commander, Gen Alexander Samsonov, shot himself. The Battle of Heligoland (or Helgoland) was fought on 9 May 1864, during the Second War of Schleswig between the navy of Denmark and the allied navies of Austria and Prussia south of the then-British North Sea island of Heligoland where the Battle of Heligoland (1849) had taken place. In Denmark as in Austria, the outcome of the battle was regarded as a victory. Central Powers – 3 light cruisers, 1 destroyer, 2 torpedo boats sunk and 3 light cruisers, 3 destroyers damaged. The Royal Navy could claim a clear victory. European War 6: 1914. Mining the Heligoland Bight hampered greatly German coastal defence, 150 nautical miles off their coast, an area denial that they had a hard time to accept. Germany engaged in rapid naval expansion from around 1900, but the growth of its fleet was more than matched by Britain. Ingenohl's strategy was to wear down the Royal Navy in piecemeal engagements until British naval forces were sufficiently weakened to be defeated in a culminating battle. Oct 6, 2020 18:10:39 GMT Saltin : Monty hey buddy,good to see you,you have been rare. Change ), To contact the blog administrator email : Leaving the Royal Navy to defend the English Channel and Atlantic coasts, France was able to concentrate its smaller navy in the Mediterranean, where it had overwhelming local superiority over the Austro-Hungarian Navy, which was based in the Adriatic. Tegetthoff broke off the encounter and took his ships into the neutral waters near Heligoland. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. This first naval battle of the Great War pitted the fleets of the British Royal Navy and the Imperial German Navy against each other in the North Sea, and it resulted in a great British victory. Britain was the world's dominant naval power and considered its Royal Navy essential to the defense of Britain against seaborne invasion and the maintenance of overseas trade. By the end of Aug 1914, the war on land for the Entente looked grim. These minefields indeed effectively cut off the Hochseeflotte from the North Sea, even the U-boats until then engaged in the battle of the Atlantic, as a response to the blocus. Austria (Captain Wilhelm Freiherr von Tegetthoff). Although the battle ended with a tactical victory for Denmark, it had no impact on the outcome of the war. Battle of Heligoland Bight (28th Aug 1914), Entente – 5 battlecruisers, 8 light cruisers, 33 destroyers, 8 submarines, Central Powers – 6 light cruisers, 19 torpedo boats, 12 minesweepers, Entente – 1 light cruiser and 3 destroyers damaged. A minefield was laid across the Straits of Dover with lanes patrolled by submarines and airships. ( Log Out /  ( Log Out /  Lager Helgoland, the German labour camp on Alderney, was named after the island. To counter bad news from France, First Sea Lord Winston Churchill a ordered a flotilla from Harwich to ambush a regular patrol north of the main German base at Willhelshaven. This was the first full-scale naval battle of the Great War. As soon as war was declared all the telegraph cables between Germany and the outside world were cut. https://historica.fandom.com/wiki/Battle_of_Heligoland_Bight_(1914)?oldid=248306. 715 dead, 149 wounded, 338 POW. British submarines were deployed as bait to lure German patrol boats under the guns of a force of destroyers and light cruisers, but once German cruisers arrived at the scene the Royal Navy ships took a battering. The Prussian gunboats were too far away to play a role. The islanders returned in 1918, but during the Nazi era the naval base was reactivated. The war at sea was a different story. By the wars end, 400,000 German civilians would be dead from shortages of food and medicines; the biggest impact came from the end of imported fertilisers which caused agricultural yields to fall at a time when Germany needed to become self-sufficient in food. They were saved by a squadron of British battlecruisers, commanded by Vice Admiral David Beatty, which emerged from the mist to outgun all the other vessels. David Beatty Reginald Tyrwhitt Roger Keyes, 5 battlecruisers8 light cruisers33 destroyers8 submarines, 6 light cruisers19 torpedo boats12 minesweepers, 35 killed55 wounded1 light cruiser heavily damaged3 destroyers damaged, 712 killed149 wounded336 captured3 light cruisers sunk2 torpedo boats sunk1 destroyer sunk3 destroyers heavily damaged1 light cruiser heavily damaged2 light cruisers moderately damaged. In the period before World War I, large warships were the world's most prestigious and expensive military hardware. There is a memorial commemorating fallen Austrian sailors and marines from the battle, in a park in Altona, Hamburg, Germany. Background. The British picked up over 300 German survivors before withdrawing, including Wolfgang von Tirpitz, son of Winston Churchill’s opposite number in the Kreigsmarine – Großadmiral Alfred von Tirpitz. Tegetthoff turned about so as to prevent the gunboats being cut off, and both flotillas then sailed on a parallel course southwest, continuing to battle each other. When the Danish forces had caused the flagship of the Austrian commander, Freiherr von Tegetthoff, to burst into flames, he withdrew his squadron to neutral waters around Heligoland. As the Danish squadron approached from the north, it sighted the British frigate Aurora at about 10 a.m. and soon afterwards five more ships to the Southwest. The two squadrons approached each other, and Schwarzenberg opened fire at 13.15 p.m. Historica Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. Possession of such ships was the mark of a world power. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. In Copenhagen, at Nyboder, there is a monument conmemorating Edouard Suenson who led the Danish forces in the battle. Admiral John Jellicoe, commander of the Grand Fleet, was intensely conscious that his warships were Britain's only defense against a possible German invasion and must at all costs be preserved. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Niels Juel duelled Schwarzenberg, while Jylland and Hejmdal concentrated on Radetzky. The North Sea was declared a war zone patrolled by destroyers, submarines and weaponised trawlers. In 1914, Britain's Royal Navy had 29 modern battleships, compared with Germany's 17. In the final action, two German cruisers, SMS Arethusa and the flagship Cöln, were caught by the flagship of Grand Fleet, the 26,000 ton HMS Lion and sunk, with the dead including the German Commander Rear Admiral Leberecht Maas. Ya, we broke the 10,000 members ceiling a while ago.Easytech getting popular! The Battle of Heligoland Bight was a naval battle fought on 28 August 1914 during World War I. The Battle of Heligoland Bight was a naval battle fought on 28 August 1914 during World War I.This first naval battle of the Great War pitted the fleets of the British Royal Navy and the Imperial German Navy against each other in the North Sea, and it resulted in a great British victory.

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